Temperature
DATASET DESCRIPTION
UK temperature data for 2003–2024 are supplied as daily GeoTIFF rasters, derived from ERA5 hourly data on single levels. ECMWF produces ERA5, which is distributed through the Copernicus Climate Change Service. The project source document gives the temperature unit as degrees Celsius (°C).
ERA5 combines atmospheric modelling and observations through data assimilation. The provider aggregated the hourly data into daily files and resampled the 0.25° × 0.25° source grid to a nominal 1 km grid. The exact temperature variable, measurement height and daily aggregation statistic are not specified. The files therefore cannot be identified as separate daily mean, maximum or minimum temperature products.
The annual maps were calculated in R as the arithmetic mean of the available daily values at each grid cell, omitting missing values. They represent annual averages of the supplied temperature statistic. A common 3–13 °C colour scale allows comparison between years. Resampling to 1 km does not add meteorological detail beyond the original grid.
Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2023): ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI: 10.24381/cds.adbb2d47.
DATA SOURCE
| Data Sources: ERA5 single levels, ECMWF / Copernicus C3S |
| Geographic Coverage: United Kingdom |
| Coordinate System: OSGB36 / British National Grid (inspected UK sample) |
| Source Spatial Resolution: 0.25° × 0.25°; project grid: 1 km (resampled) |
| Data Preparation Date: September 2026 |
| Data Format: GeoTIFF |
| Sampling Frequency of Data: Daily (source: hourly) |
| Years Available: 2003–2024 |
VARIABLES
- Daily temperature and the annual mean of supplied daily values (°C). Measurement height and daily aggregation statistic are not specified by the provider
CONTACT
- UK Dataset Prepared By: Bocheng Zhu
- Email: bocheng.zhu@mail.utoronto.ca
- Affiliated Organization: Ge-iSEE Lab, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
